10701#pid#1. CONCERNING THE WHITE HORSE as described in the Book of Revelation, Chapter 19.

In the writings of John, in the Book of Revelation, the following is a description of the Word in its spiritual sense, in other words the sense contained within it, or its 'inner meaning:' 

I saw heaven standing open, and behold, a White Horse. And the one sitting on the White Horse was called faithful and true, judging and fighting in righteousness. His eyes were a flame of fire, and on His head were many jewels. He had a name inscribed that no one knew but He Himself. And He was dressed in a garment dyed with blood, and His name is called the Word of God. The armies that followed Him in heaven were on white horses, they themselves dressed in clean white linen. On His garment and on His thigh was written a name, King of Kings and Lord of Lords. `Revelation 19bbb11-14`, `Revelation 19bbbccc16`. 

No one can have a clear idea of what each of the details in this description entails except by way of its 'inner meaning." It is obvious that each particular detail must represent or signify something, as follows: 

Heaven which was standing open; a horse which was white; the one seated on it was called faithful and true,`fff1` judging and fighting in righteousness; His eyes a flame of fire; and many jewels`fff2` on His head; having a name inscribed that no one knew but He Himself; and dressed in a garment dyed with blood; and the armies that followed Him in heaven were on white horses, they themselves dressed in clean white linen;`fff3` on His garment and on His thigh He has written a name. 

It is stated plainly that the one seated on the White Horse is the Word, and He is the Lord who is the Word, for what is said is that His name is called The Word of God; and then, He has written on His garment and on His thigh the title King of Kings and Lord of Lords. 

From the interpretation of each individual phrase or statement it is clear that all this serves to describe the spiritual sense or internal meaning of the Word. The phrase heaven which was standing open' represents and signifies that the inner meaning of the Word is seen by those in heaven, and consequently also by those on earth for whom heaven stands open. 'A horse which was white' represents and signifies an understanding of the Word as regards its inner meanings.`fff4` That the 'white horse' means what I have said will be clear from what follows. 

It is clear that 'the one seated on it' means the Lord in His capacity as the Word, and thus means the Word itself, for it is stated that 'His name is called the Word of God;' and he is called 'faithful' and 'judging in righteousness' because of His goodness; and 'true' and 'fighting in righteousness' because of His truth, for the Lord Himself is righteousness. 'His eyes a flame of fire' signify divine truth radiating from the divine good flowing from His divine love. The 'many jewels on His head' signify all the good and true properties of faith. Having a 'name written which no one knew other than He Himself' signifies that no one sees what is the nature of the Word in its inner meaning except Himself, and one to whom He reveals it. 

Dressed in a garment dyed with blood' signifies the violence done to the Word in its literal meaning.`fff5` 'The armies in heaven which followed Him on white horses' signifies those who understand the Word as regards its inner meanings.' 'Those dressed in clean white linen' signifies the same people who are endued with truth arising from what is good. 'On His garment and on His thigh a name written`fff6`' signifies what is true and what is good and their specific qualities. 

From all these verses, and from those which come before and after them, it is clear that they serve to foretell that the spiritual or internal sense of the Word will be laid open at around the final time of the Church; and what will happen at that time is also described there, `Revelation 19bbb17-21`. There is no need to show here the things which are signified by these words since they are individually shown in Arcana Caelestia. The Lord is the Word because He is the divine truth: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2533`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2803`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2894`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5272`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8535`;`fff7` the Word is the divine truth: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4692`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5075`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9987`; He is proclaimed to be sitting on a horse judging and fighting in righteousness because the Lord is righteousness. The Lord is proclaimed to be righteousness from the fact that by His own power He has saved the human race: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1813`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2025-2027`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9715`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9809`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10019`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10152`. Righteousness is a merit belonging to the Lord alone: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9715`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9979`. 'His eyes a flame of fire' signify divine truth radiating from the divine good flowing from His divine love, because 'eyes' signify the understanding and truth of faith: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2701`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4403-4421`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4523-4534`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6923`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9051`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10569`; and 'a flame of fire' signifies the good of love: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc934`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4906`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5215`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6314`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6832`; the 'jewels on His head'`fff8` signify all the good and true properties of faith: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc114`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3858`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6335`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6640`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9863`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9865`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9868`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9873`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9905`. 

Having a name written which no one knew other than He Himself' signifies that no one sees what is the nature of the Word in its inner meaning except Himself, and one to whom He reveals it, because a name signifies the nature of a thing: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc144-145`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1754`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1896`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2009`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2724`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3006`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3237`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3421`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6674`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9310`. 'Dressed in a garment dyed with blood' signifies the violence done to the Word in its literal meaning because a garment' signifies truth, which clothes what is good: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1073`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2576`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5248`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5319`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5954`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9212`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9216`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9952`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10536`; especially truth in its outermost form, and thus the Word in its literal meaning: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5248`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6918`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9158`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9212`; and because 'blood' signifies violence done to truth by what is false: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc374`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1005`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4735`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5476`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9127`. 'The armies in heaven which followed Him on white horses' signify those who understand the Word as regards its inner meanings because 'armies' signify those who are equipped with the truth and goodness of heaven and the Church: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3448`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7236`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7988`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8019`; and the horse' signifies understanding: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3217`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5321`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6125`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6400`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6534`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7024`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8146`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8381`; and 'white' means the truth which the light of heaven has within itself thus, the inner truth: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3301`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3993`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4007`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5319`. 

Those dressed in clean white linen' signify the same people who are endued with truth arising from what is good because 'linen' or 'a garment of linen' signifies truth from a heavenly sourcewhich is truth from what is good: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5319`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9469`. 'On His garment and on His thigh a name written' signifies what is true and what is good, and their specific qualities, because 'a garment' signifies truth, and 'a name' signifies its nature, as above, and 'thigh' signifies the good properties of love: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3021`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4277`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4280`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9961`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10488`. 'King of Kings and Lord of Lords' is the Lord as regards divine truth and divine good; the Lord is called King by virtue of His divine truth: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3009`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5068`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6148`, and He is called Lord by virtue of His divine good: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4973`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9167`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9194`. 

From all this it is clear what the nature of the Word is in its spiritual or inner sense, and that there is no single word within it which does not have some spiritual meaning relating to heaven and the Church. 

`nnn1. The Revd John Elliott: "The [original Latin] text ought surely to read, as  `@@@Arcana Coelestia 2760`; 'quod fidelis et verus, et in justitia ...'" The translator has followed this conjecture. 

`nnn2. In translating diademata as 'jewels,' rather than 'crowns,' I have noted the Revd John Elliott, who draws attention to John Chadwick's assertion (from his Lexicon to the Latin Texts of Swedenborg's Theological Writings), that there can be little doubt that Swedenborg understood jewel, not crown, by the Latin word diadema. 

`nnn3. The Latin byssinus means 'a garment made form byssus' (Lewis and Shorts Latin Dictionary). Byssus: cotton (Baxter and Johnsons Medieval Latin Word-List); cotton, or (according to some) a kind of flax, and the linen made from it (Lewis and Shorts Latin Dictionary). 

`nnn4. The Latin interiora (plural of interius, and comp. of intern um) means 'inward' or 'internal' (Lewis and Shorts Latin Dictionary). It may also signify: 'more hidden,' 'secret' or 'unknown' (Lewis and Shorts Latin Dictionary). 

`nnn5. I am grateful to the Rev'd. John Elliott for the suggestion of translating litera as 'in its literal meaning." I was in a fog as to Swedenborg's intention in using litera, which classically may mean either 'a letter' or 'writing." 

`nnn6. The Latin interiora (plural of interius, and comp. of intern um) means 'inward' or 'internal' (Lewis and Shorts Latin Dictionary). It may also signify: 'more hidden,' 'secret' or 'unknown' (Lewis and Shorts Latin Dictionary). 

`nnn7. Throughout this translation I have used the reference numbers following the emendations made by the Revd John Elliott in De Equo Albo (2004). 

`nnn8. In translating diademata as 'jewels,' rather than 'crowns,' I have noted the Rev'd. John Elliott, who draws attention to John Chadwick's assertion (from his Lexicon to the Latin Texts of Swedenborg's Theological Writings), that there can be little doubt that Swedenborg understood jewel not crown by the Latin word diadema.

ppp10700#pid#2. In the prophetical parts of the Word a horse is mentioned very often,`fff1` but until now no one has known 'horse' means understanding, and 'horseman' one who understands, perhaps because it seems extraordinary and astonishing that that is what is meant by 'horse' in a spiritual sense, and consequently in the Word. But that it constantly means this can be agreed from very many instances in the Word, from which I should like to refer to only a few at this point. 

In Israel's prophetic utterance`fff2` about Dan we find: 

Dan will be a serpent on the road, a darting snake`fff3` on the path, that will bite the horse's heels, and the horseman will fall backwards. `Genesis 49bbb17-18`.

What this prophetic statement about one of the tribes of Israel means no one is going to understand unless he knows what 'serpent' signifies, and also 'horse' and 'horseman." Yet is there anyone who does not see that it holds something spiritual within it? This being so, what the individual details signify may be seen in `@@@Arcana Caelestia 6398-6401`, where this prophetical utterance is explained. 

In Habakkuk we find: 

O Lord [...] You ride on Your horses and Your chariots are salvation [...] You caused Your horses to tread in the sea. `Habakkuk 3bbb8`, `Habakkuk 3bbbccc15`.

It is obvious that 'horses' here signify something spiritual, because these things are being said about God. What else would it be, 'God rode on [his] horses, and caused [his] horses to tread in the sea?' 

In Zechariah we find, with a similar significance: 

'On that day, HOLY TO THE LORD will be on the horse-bells', `Zechariah 14bbb20`.`fff4` 

In the same authority: 

On that day I will strike every horse with bewilderment and the horseman with madness, declares the Lord, I will open my gaze on the house of Judah, and I will strike with blindness every horse of the peoples. `Zechariah 12bbb4-5`.

What is being talked about here is the Church when it has been laid waste, which happens when there is no longer an understanding of anything true. This is what is being indicated by 'horse' and 'horseman;' what else would it be, [...] every horse about to be struck with bewilderment [...] and the horse of the peoples with blindness?' What, otherwise, would this have to do with the Church? 

In Job we find: 

'Because God has made her`fff5` forget wisdom, neither has He imparted to her understanding; having raised herself on high, she mocks the horse and its rider' `Job 39bbb17-19`. 

That understanding is signified here by 'horse' is manifestly obvious; similarly in David, where the expression 'to ride upon the word of truth' is used, `Psalms 45bbb5`; and besides in very many other places. 

Moreover, who is likely to know why it is that Elijah and Elisha were called 'the chariots of Israel and its horsemen;' and why there appeared to Elisha's servant a mountain full of horses and fiery chariots, unless it is known what 'chariots' and horsemen' signify, and what Elijah and Elisha represented? For Elisha said to Elijah, My father, my father, the chariots of Israel and its horsemen,' `2 Kings 2bbb11-12`; and King Joash said to Elisha, 'My father, my father [...] the chariots of Israel and its horsemen,' `2 Kings 13bbb14`. 

Concerning the servant of Elisha we read: 

'The Lord opened the eyes of Elisha's servant, and he looked and saw the mountain full of horses and fiery chariots all around Elisha' `2 Kings 6bbb17`.

Elijah and Elisha were called the chariots of Israel and its horsemen because each represented the Lord in his capacity as the Word. 'Chariots' represent doctrine derived from the Word, and 'horsemen' represent understanding. That Elijah and Elisha represented the Lord in this capacity may be seen in `@@@Arcana Caelestia: 5247qqqArcana Coelestia 5247`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7643`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8029`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9327`, and that 'chariots' signify doctrine derived from the Word: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5321`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8215`. 

`nnn1. The text has simply equus (horse) at this point, but there is a 'parallel passage' in `@@@Arcana Caelestia 2761`, stating equus et eques (horse and horseman): the sense of what follows in the current passage suggests that Swedenborg intends equus et eques here. 

`nnn2. The Revd John Elliott points out that 'Israel here of course means the patriarch Jacob."

`nnn3. Biblical translations are based on the Schmidt Latin translation (1696) as apparently used by Swedenborg, though here, as sometimes elsewhere, Swedenborg does misquote (in this case inserting jaculus after the second serpens). Lewis and Shorts Latin Dictionary, always an interesting source, glosses jaculus as follows: 'sc. serpens, a serpent that darts from a tree on its prey." 

`nnn4. The Revd John Elliott: As I understand it, this is not a statement on the horse-bells to the effect that the bells are holy but that they ring out the holiness of things attributable to the Lord. (A bit like the bells rung in a catholic mass which draw the worshippers' attention to the just-consecrated host or wine that is being elevated.)' 

`nnn5. Her: The Hebrew pronoun in `Job 39bbb17-18`, which refers to a bird, is feminine. Although Swedenborg rendered it eum (him) in `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2762` and here in De Equo Albo, eam (her) occurs in other places of his works where this verse is quoted.

ppp10699#pid#3. That 'horse' signifies understanding comes from no other source than from representatives in the spiritual world; horses are seen there very often, and those seated on horses, and even chariots, and everyone knows there that they signify things of the intellect and doctrine. It seemed to me quite often, when any there were thinking by using their own understanding of things, that they appeared as if they were riding on horses; this was how their meditating presented itself before others, though they themselves were unaware of it. There is also a place there where many come together who, using their own understanding of things, think and talk about the truths contained in doctrine; and when others come there they see that whole plain full of chariots and horses; and newcomers, who wonder where all this comes from, are taught that this is a manifestation resulting from their own intellectual thought; this place is called the Assembly of the Intelligent and Wise. There even appeared to me horses beaming with light and chariots of fire, when certain souls were taken up into heaven, which was a sign that they were at that time instructed in the truths contained in heavenly doctrine, and made intelligent, and thus were taken up. As a result of my seeing this, there came into my mind what was signified by the chariot of fire and the horses of fire by which Elijah was taken up into heaven; and also by the horses and chariots of fire seen by Elisha's servant when his eyes were opened.

ppp10698#pid#4. The fact that chariots and horses signified such things was very well known in the ancient churches, since those churches were representative churches;`fff1` and among those who were in them the knowledge of correspondences and representations was foremost among the branches of knowledge. From those churches the significance of 'horse' that is, understanding, was passed around to the wise, even into Greece. From that they had the habit, when referring to their sun, where they located the god of their wisdom and understanding, of attributing to him a chariot and four fiery horses. And when they referred to their god of the sea, because by 'the sea' were signified those branches of knowledge which come as the result of understanding, they also attributed to him horses. And when they referred to the origin of the branches of knowledge as from the understanding, they figured a winged horse, which broke open a fountain with its hoof, at which were nine virgins -- the branches of knowledge! For from the time of the ancient churches they knew that 'the horse' signified understanding, its 'wings' spiritual truth, its 'hoof' proper knowledge derived from the understanding, and 'the fountain' doctrine, which the branches of knowledge drew from. By the Trojan Horse nothing else is signified apart from a stratagem, from their own understanding, for destroying the walls. Even today, when understanding is referred to after the manner derived from those ancient folk, it is usually referred to as a flying horse, that is, Pegasus; doctrine is referred to as a fountain, and the branches of knowledge as virgins; but hardly anyone recognizes that 'horse' in its mystic sense signifies understanding, and even less that these significances were passed down from the ancient representative churches to the gentiles. 

`nnn1. That is, these churches recognized that particular words and expressions represented particular ideas.

ppp10697#pid#5. Since 'the White Horse' signifies the understanding of the Word as regards its spiritual or internal sense, there will now follow all that has been revealed in Arcana Caelestia about the Word and that sense, for it is there that all things contained in Genesis and Exodus are explained according to the spiritual or internal sense of the Word.

ppp10696#pid#6. The Word and its Spiritual or Internal Sense from the Arcana Caelestia.`fff1` 

The necessity for, and the excellence of, the Word. In the dim light`fff2` of the natural order of things nothing may be known about the Lord, or about heaven and hell, or about the life of a person after death, or about the divine truths through which a person has spiritual and eternal life; see `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8944`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10318-10320`. This may be agreed from the fact that many men, and scholars among them, do not believe these things, even though they are born where the Word is, and through it are instructed about these things: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10319`. It was necessary therefore for there to be some revelation from heaven, because the human race was born for heaven: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1775`. There has therefore been a revelation in every age: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2895`, and there have been various types of revelation on this earth, one after another: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10355`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10632`. There was instant revelation for the most ancient peoples, who lived before the Flood, whose era was called the Golden Age, and therefore divine truth was inscribed upon their hearts: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2896`. The Word was historical and prophetical for the ancient churches`fff3` who came after the Flood: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2686`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2897`. Details concerning these churches may be seen in `@@@The New Jerusalem and Its [Heavenly] Doctrine 247`. The historical parts of the Word were called 'The Wars of Jehovah', and the prophetical parts 'The Pronouncements': `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2897`. That Word was similar to our Word as regards inspiration, but adapted for those churches: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2897`. It was mentioned by Moses: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2686`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2897`. But that Word was completely lost: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2897`. There were also prophetical revelations amongst other peoples, as appears from the prophecies of Balaam: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2898`. The Word is divine in all its single parts; see `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc639`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc680`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10321`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10637`. The Word is divine and holy down to the last jot and tittle,`fff4` as has been demonstrated to me by an experience`fff5`: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1870`. How it is explained today that the Word is inspired down to the last jot: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1886`. 

The Church exists in particular where the Word is, and through it the Lord is known, and the divine truths revealed: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3857`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10761`. But indeed those who are born where the Word is, and where through the Word the Lord is known, are not simply by that very reason of the Church: those people are of the Church who are given rebirth by the Lord through the truths from the Word, who live according to the truths there, so, those who live a life of love and faith: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6637`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10143`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10153`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10578`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10645`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10829`. 

`nnn1. The vast majority of Swedenborg's posits in this section are introduced with the Latin conjunction quod; I have dispensed with the equivalent English that in each case in order to ease fluent reading. 

`nnn2. Swedenborg uses lumine (from lumen) for 'light' here. The Rev'd. John Elliott helpfully points out that Swedenborg tends to use lumen when referring to light of inferior quality, reserving lux for light which is divinely inspired. 

`nnn3. De Nova Hierosolyma (NH) has in antiquis...; De Equo Albo has no in, and I have translated it as a dative case 'for." 

`nnn4. The Rev'd. John Elliott points out that 'tittle' does not appear in the modern English version of the New Testament, and suggests replacing it with 'small part;' but 'tittle' is such a lovely little word, and besides has for me strong redolences of biblical readings ringing in my childhood ears, that I have decided to keep it. Tittle is in fact the mark or dot over the letter i, i.e., jot. 

`nnn5. I am grateful for the Revd John Elliott's advice that 'Swedenborg is using ab experientia here [and elsewhere] to mean an experience that he had in the spiritual world and that he recounts in `@@@Arcana Caelestia 1870`.

ppp10695#pid#7. The Word is not understood except by those on whom enlightenment has shone. 

The human intellect cannot grasp divine ideas, nor even spiritual ones, unless it is enlightened by the Lord: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2196`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2203`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2209`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2654`. In this way only the enlightened grasp the Word: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10323`. The Lord grants to those who are enlightened understanding of truths, and discernment of things which appear to contradict one another: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9382`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10659`. The Word in its literal sense may not be consistent with itself, and often appears to contradict itself: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9025`. For that very reason it can be explained and interpreted by the unenlightened in order to confirm any opinion and heresy whatsoever, and to provide a justification for any earthly and bodily love whatsoever: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4783`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10330`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10400`. Those who read the Word from a love of truth and goodness are enlightened by the Word, but not those who read it from a love of fame, gain, honour, or indeed a love of self: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9382`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10548-10551`. Those who lead a life of good and so have an affection for the truth are enlightened: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8694`. Those whose internal self is opened may be enlightened, and so they can be raised to the light of heaven as regards the internal man: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10400`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10402`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10691`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10694`. Enlightenment is an actual opening of the interior parts of the mind, and also a raising into the light of heaven: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10330`. Holiness from the internal self, that is, from the Lord through the internal self, flows into those who hold the Word sacred, even when they do not know it: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6789`. Those people are enlightened, and see truths in the Word, who are led by the Lord, but not those who are led by themselves: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10638`. Those are led by the Lord who love truth because it is the truth, who also love to lead a life according with divine truths: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10578`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10645`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10829`. The Word is brought to life for a person in the same measure that a life of love and faith resides in that person: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1776`. Things which come from a person's own personal understanding have no life in themselves, because nothing good derives from a person's own properties: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8941`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8944`. Those who have confirmed themselves in large measure in false doctrine cannot be enlightened: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10640`. 

It is the understanding which is enlightened: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6608`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9300`. It is the understanding which is a recipient of the truth: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6222`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6608`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10659`. Regarding every doctrinal point of the Church, there are ideas from the understanding and so from thought, according to which the doctrinal point is perceived: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3310`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3825`. The ideas of a person, as long as he or she lives on earth, are natural, because then a person thinks on the natural level; but further, spiritual ideas are concealed in people, at least among those who have affection for the truth because it is the truth; and a person comes to these ideas after death: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3310`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5510`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6201`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10237`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10240`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10551`. Without ideas from the understanding and so from thought there is no perception about any thing at all: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3825`. Ideas about matters of faith are revealed in the next life, and there they are seen as they truly are by the angels, and a person is then linked to other ideas, as far as those ideas proceed from an affection belonging to love: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1869`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3310`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5510`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6200`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6201`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8885`. For that reason the Word is not understood other than by a person who sees truth in God's light; for to believe something without an idea of that thing and without any such insight of it is just to retain in the memory an utterance devoid of all life of perception and affection, which is [the same as] not believing: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2553`. It is the literal sense of the Word which is enlightened: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3436`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9824`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9905`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10548`.

ppp10694#pid#8. The Word is not understood except through doctrine from the Word. 

The doctrine of the Church must be from the Word: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3464`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5402`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5432`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10763`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10764`. Doctrine without the Word is not understood: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9025`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9409`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9424`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9430`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10324`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10431`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10584`. True doctrine is a lantern to those who read the Word: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10400`. True doctrine must be derived from those`fff1` who have received enlightenment from the Lord: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2510`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2516`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2519`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9424`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10105`. The Word is understood through doctrine formed by one who is enlightened: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10324`. Those who have received enlightenment form doctrine for themselves from the Word: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9382`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10659`. There is a difference between those who teach and learn from the doctrine of the Church, and those who do this from the literal sense of the Word alone; and what that difference is: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9025`. Those who rely on the literal sense of the Word and are without doctrine reach no understanding about divine truths: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9409-9410`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10582`. They fall into many errors: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10431`. When those who have affection for the truth because it is the truth become adult and can see with their own understanding, they do not simply remain in the doctrinal ideas of their own Church but find out for themselves from the Word whether they are true: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5402`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5432`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6047`. Otherwise anyone's idea of the truth would be derived from someone else and from the land of their birth, whether Jew or Greek: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6047`. Still, things that have become items of faith from the literal sense of the Word must not be extinguished except after full examination: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9039`. 

The true doctrine of the Church is the doctrine of love, in the sense of affectionate regard for your fellow man,`fff2` and faith: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2417`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4766`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10763-10764`. The doctrine of faith does not make the Church, but a life of faith does, which is love: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc809`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1798-1799`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1834`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4468`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4672`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4766`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5826`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6637`. Doctrinal ideas are nothing unless life is lived according to them; and everyone can see that they exist for the sake of life, and not for the sake of memory, and then for a degree of thought: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1515`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2049`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2116`. In the various national churches today there is a doctrine of faith and not of love, and the doctrine of love has been driven backwards into a branch of learning, called Moral Theology: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2417`. The Church would be a united whole if people were recognized as being people of the Church by the life they lead and the love they show: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1285`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1316`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2982`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3267`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3445`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3451-3452`. How much a doctrine of love is worth compared with a doctrine of faith divorced from love: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4844`. Those who know nothing of love are in ignorance of heavenly things: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2435`. Those who have only a doctrine of faith and not of love slide into lost ways, on which subject see `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2383`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2417`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3146`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3325`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3412-3413`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3416`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3773`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4672`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4730`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4783`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4925`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5351`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7623-7627`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7752-7762`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7790`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8094`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8313`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8530`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8765`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9186`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9224`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10555`. Those who exist only in the doctrine of faith, and not in the life of faith, which is love, were in other times called the Uncircumcised, or Philistines: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3412-3413`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3463`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8093`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8313`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9340`. Among the ancients there was a doctrine of love towards the Lord, and love in the sense of affectionate regard towards your neighbour, and the doctrine of faith was subordinate to this: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2417`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3419`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4844`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4955`. 

Doctrine formed by one who is enlightened can later be substantiated by rational proofs and proofs founded on sound knowledge, and in this way it can be more fully understood, and corroborated: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2553`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2719`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2720`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3052`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3310`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6047`. More on this topic may be seen in `@@@The New Jerusalem and Its [Heavenly] Doctrine 51`. Those who live in faith divorced from love would wish the doctrinal ideas of the Church to be believed simply, without any rational consideration: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3394`. 

A man who is wise does not just uphold a dogma but sees whether it is true before he upholds it, and this does happen among those who are in a state of enlightenment: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1017`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4741`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7012`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7680`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7950`. This enlightenment is natural, not spiritual, and achievable even among the wicked: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8780`. Everything, even falsehoods, can be upheld, even to the extent that they appear to be truths: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2482`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2490`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5033`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6865`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8521`. 

`nnn1. At first I translated this as 'True doctrine is for those who ...,' assuming illis to be dative; but the first edition of De Equo Albo has ab illis. Presumably the omission of ab from the 1934 Latin text is a slip on someone's part. 
`nnn2. Swedenborg's word here is charitas: I have pondered long before deciding on 'love in the sense of affectionate regard,' a shade of meaning borne out by the final sentence of paragraph 2 of this section, I think. For fluency I have usually translated this as simply love." Charity' is a non-starter these days, and dearness' is to me more a synonym for 'expensiveness."

ppp10693#pid#9. In the Word there is a spiritual sense which is called its internal sense.

No one can know what is the spiritual or internal sense of the Word unless he knows what correspondence is: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2895`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4322`. Every single thing which is in the natural world, right down to the very least thing, corresponds to something spiritual, and so signifies it: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1886-1889`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2987-3003`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3213-3227`. Spiritual things, to which the natural things correspond, appear in nature under another guise, with the result that they are not recognized: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1887`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2395`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8920`. Hardly anyone knows where divine quality is in the Word, though it is there in its internal or spiritual sense, the existence of which is not known today: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2899`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4989`. 

What lies hidden in the Word is nothing other than what its internal or spiritual sense contains, in which the Lord, the glorification of His human form, His kingdom, and His Church are dealt with, and not natural things, which are of the world: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4923`. In very many places the prophetical elements are not understood, and so are of no benefit, without the internal sensefrom examples in `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2608`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8020`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8398` just as what is signified by the White Horse in the Book of Revelation, from `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2760`. What is meant by the Keys of the Kingdom of Heaven given to Peter: Preface to `Genesis 22bbb0` and `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9410`. What is meant by flesh, blood, bread, and wine in the Holy Supper: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8682`. What is meant by the prophecies of Jacob concerning his sons: `Genesis 49bbb0` and `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6306`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6333-6465`. What is meant by many other prophecies about Judah and Israel which do not match with [aspects of] that nation, and do not coincide with one another in their literal sense: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6333`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6361`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6415`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6438`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6444`. In addition there are very many others: 2608. Further, what is said about correspondence may be seen in the work `@@@Heaven and Hell, 87-115qqqHeaven and Hell 87-115`, `@@@Heaven and Hell ccc303-310`. 

Concerning the internal or spiritual sense of the Word in general: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1767-1777`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1869-1879`. There is an internal sense in every single part of the Word: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1143`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1984`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2135`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2333`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2395`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2495`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2619`. These ideas do not appear in the literal sense but still they are in it: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4442`.

ppp10692#pid#10. The internal sense of the Word is primarily for the angels, but it is also for men.

So that it may be known what the internal sense is, its nature and its origin, this will be stated in summary form. They think and speak differently in heaven from people on earth, in heaven spiritually and on earth naturally. Therefore when people read the word the angels who are with them perceive it spiritually, and the people naturally. So, angels are in the spiritual sense, people in the external sense; and yet they still make one unit because there is a correspondence between them. Angels not only think spiritually, they also speak spiritually; also, their presence with people, and their conjunction with people is achieved through the Word. This is seen in the work Heaven and Hell, where the wisdom of the angels of heaven is considered: `@@@Heaven and Hell ccc265-275`; their speech: `@@@Heaven and Hell ccc234-245`; their connection with people: `@@@Heaven and Hell ccc291-302`; their connection through the Word: `@@@Heaven and Hell ccc303-310`. 

The Word is understood differently by the angels in heaven and by people on earth; and an internal or spiritual sense exists for the angels, while for men there is an external or natural sense: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1887`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2395`. The angels perceive the Word in its internal sense, not its external, from the experience of those from heaven who talked with me when I read the Word: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1769-1772`. Angelic ideas`fff1` and angelic speech are spiritual, while human ideas and speech are natural, and likewise the internal sense, which is spiritual, is for angels, as shown to me by my own experience: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2333`. Nevertheless the literal sense of the Word`fff2` serves as a means of communicating the spiritual ideas of angels, in the same way that words of speech serve for the sense of a thing with people: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2143`. Those things which belong to the internal sense of the Word fall into such things as are in the light of heaven, and so into the perception of angels: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2618-2619`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2629`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3086`. Likewise those things which the angels perceive from the Word are very precious to them: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2540-2541`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2545`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2551`. Angels understand not even one expression of the literal sense of the Word: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc64-65`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1434`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1929`. Nor do they know the names of persons and places mentioned in the Word: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1434`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1888`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4442`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4480`. Names cannot enter heaven or be pronounced there: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1876`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1888`. All names in the Word signify spiritual realities, and in heaven they are converted into the ideas of spiritual reality: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc768`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1888`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4310`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4442`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5225`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5287`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10329`. Also, angels abstract spiritual realities from people and their names: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4380`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8343`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8985`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9007`. How elegant the internal sense of the Word is, even where no names occur, is seen in examples from the Word: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1224`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1888`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2395`. Also, several names in succession express one thing in the internal sense: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5095`. Also, all numbers in the Word signify things: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc482`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc487`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc647-648`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc755`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc813`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1963`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1988`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2075`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2252`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3252`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4264`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6175`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9488`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9659`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10217`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10253`. Spirits too perceive the Word in its internal sense, in so far as their internal parts are opened to heaven: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1771`. The literal sense of the Word, which is natural, may be transmuted in a moment of time into spiritual form among the angels, because correspondence exists: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5648`. And this is without their hearing or knowing what is in the literal or external sense: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10215`. Thus, the literal or external sense exists only with man and progresses no further: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2015`. 

There is an internal sense of the Word, and also an innermost or supreme sense, about which see `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9407`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10604`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10614`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10627`. The spiritual angels, that is those who are in the Lord's spiritual kingdom, perceive the Word in its internal sense, and the celestial angels, who are in the Lord's celestial kingdom, perceive the Word in its innermost sense: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2157`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2275`. 

The Word is for people and also for angels, being appropriate for both: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7381`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8862`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10322`. It is the Word which unifies heaven and earth: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2310`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2495`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9212`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9216`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9357`. The linking of heaven with people exists through the Word: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9396`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9400-9401`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10452`. The Word is called a covenant [contract]: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9396`-since a covenant signifies a linking together: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc665-666`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1023`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1038`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1864`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1996`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2003`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2021`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6804`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8767`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8778`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9396`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10632`. There is an internal sense of the Word because the Word came down`fff3` from the Lord through the three heavens right as far as humans: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2310`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6597`. It has become appropriate for the angels of the three heavens and also for humans: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7381`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8862`. It is from this that the Word is divine: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4989`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9280`, and holy: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10276`, and spiritual: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4480`, and inspired by the Divine: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9094`. That is inspiration: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9094`. 

Furthermore, people who have been regenerated are actually in the internal sense of the Word even though they do not know this, since their internal being is opened, which has spiritual perception: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10400`. But in their case the spiritual essence of the Word flows into natural ideas and is thus established in a natural sense, since while they live in the world they think as natural beings, as far as perception is concerned: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5614`. The light of truth among those who are enlightened comes from their internal being, and thus through their internal being from the Lord: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10691`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10694`. Also along that course flows what is holy, among those who hold the Word holy: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6789`. Since regenerated people are actually in the internal sense of the Word, and in its holiness, although they do not know that, after death they arrive at that of themselves, and are no longer in the literal sense: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3226`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3342-3343`. The ideas of an internal person are spiritual, but while people live in the world they are not aware of them since people are in their natural mode of thought, to which they impart their reasoning faculty: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10236`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10240`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10551`. But after death people come into them as their own because they belong properly to their spirit, and at that time they not only think but also talk as from them: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2470`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2472`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2476`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10568`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10604`. It is for this reason that it is said that regenerated people do not know that they are in the spiritual sense of the Word, and that from this enlightenment comes to them. 

`nnn1. The Latin of our text has ideae cogitationis at this point: 'ideas of thought.' Throughout his works Swedenborg often distinguishes between types of ideas but it is self evident in this instance that the ideas referred to are those 'of thought' in opposition to speech and hence cogitationis has been dropped. 

`nnn2. I am grateful to the Revd John Elliott for the suggestion of translating litera as 'in its literal meaning.' I was in a fog as to Swedenborg's intention in using litera, which classically may mean either 'a letter' or 'writing.'
 
`nnn3. The Latin has descenderat, pluperfect tense, literally 'had descended; 'but the use of the pluperfect for a strong perfect is not uncommon in Swedenborg' (the Rev'd John Elliott), as is indeed the case sometimes in pre-classical and in poetical Latin. It has been translated as if perfect, therefore.

ppp10691#pid#11. In the internal or spiritual sense of the Word innumerable things are hidden. 

The Word in its internal sense contains many things which surpass human comprehension: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3085-3086`. They cannot be expressed in words, and cannot be explained: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1955`. They exist solely for the angels, and are understood by them: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc167`. The internal sense of the Word contains the hidden things of heaven, which have to do with the Lord and His kingdom in heaven and on earth: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1-4`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc937`. Those hidden things do not appear in the literal sense: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc937`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1502`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2161`. Many other things in the writings of the prophets, which appear as if randomly scattered, in the internal sense fit together continuously in a beautiful`fff1` sequence: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7153`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9022`. In its original language not a single word, not even a single jot, can be missing from the literal meaning without interruption of the internal sense; and for that very reason the Word, out of the Lord's divine providence, has been preserved so completely, down to the last tittle: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7933`. There are innumerable things in each individual part of the Word: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6617`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6620`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8920`. And in each and every phrase: 1869. Countless things are contained in the Lord's Prayer and in its individual petitions: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6619`. And in the Ten Commandments; though in the external sense of these there are some ideas which are known to every nation without revelation: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8862`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8899`. In every tiny little tittle of a letter of the Word in its original language there is something holy, revealed from Heaven, this may be seen in the work `@@@Heaven and Hell 260`, where the words of the Lord are explained, that Not one jot or tittle shall be lost from the Law; `Matthew 5bbb18`.
Particularly in the prophetical part of the Word there are two expressions of the same thing, as it were, but one refers to what is good and the other to what is true: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc683`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc707`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2576`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8339`. In the Word things relating to what is good and what is true are married together, to an amazing degree, but that marriage is evident only to one who is acquainted with the internal sense: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10554`. So, in the Word and in its individual parts there are divine marriage and heavenly marriage: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc683`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc793`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc801`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2173`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2516`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2712`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5138`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7022`. Divine marriage, which is the marriage between divine good and divine truth, is thus the Lord in heaven, in whom alone that marriage exists there: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3004-3005`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3009`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4137`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5194`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5502`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6343`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7945`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8339`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9263`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9314`. Through Jesus also there is signified divine good, and through Christ divine truth, and thus through both divine marriage in heaven is signified: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3004-3005`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3009`. This marriage-and thus the Lord as regards divine good and divine truth-is in each individual part of the Word in its internal sense: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5502`. The marriage of good and truth by the Lord in heaven and in the Church is what is called heavenly marriage: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2508`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2618`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2803`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3004`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3211`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3952`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6179`. Thus in this respect the Word is heaven, so to speak: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2173`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10126`. Heaven is likened to marriage in the Word from the marriage of good and truth there: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2758`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3132`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4434`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4835`. The internal sense is itself the genuine doctrine of the Church: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9025`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9430`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10400`. Those who understand the Word according to its internal sense know the true doctrine itself of the Church, because the internal sense contains that: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9025`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9430`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10400`. The internal part of the Word is also the internal part of the Church, and so also of worship: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10460`. The Word is the doctrine of love towards the Lord, and affectionate regard for your neighbour: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3419-3420`. 

The Word in its literal meaning is like a cloud, and its glory is in its internal sense-Preface to Genesis 18; also `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5922`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6343`-where there is explained that the Lord will come in the clouds of the sky with glory. Also 'cloud' in the Word signifies the Word in its literal sense, and 'glory' signifies the Word in its internal sense-Preface to Genesis 18: also `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4060`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4391`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5922`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6343`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6752`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8106`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8781`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9430`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10551`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10574`. Things which are in the literal sense, compared to those in the internal sense, are like rough projections round a polished optical cylinder, from which nevertheless there exists in the cylinder a beautiful image of a man: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1871`. Those who wish for and recognize only the literal sense are represented in the spiritual world as an ugly little old woman, while those who wish for and recognize at the same time the internal sense appear as a virgin finely clothed: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1774`. The Word in all that it embraces is an image of heaven, because the Word is divine truth, and divine truth constitutes heaven, and heaven resembles one human, and in that respect The Word is an image of a human, as it were: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1871`. That heaven in its total make-up resembles one human may be seen in the work `@@@Heaven and Hell 59-67`. That divine truth proceeding from the Lord constitutes heaven, `@@@Heaven and Hell ccc126-140`, `@@@Heaven and Hell ccc200-212`. The Word is presented to the Angels in a beautiful and delightful way: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1767-1768`. The literal sense is like a body, and the internal sense is like the soul of that body: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8943`. 

Consequently, life for the Word comes from its internal sense: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1405`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4857`. The Word is pure in its internal sense, and it does not appear so in its literal sense: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2362`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2395`. Things in the literal sense become holy from internal things: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10126`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10276`. In the historical narratives of the Word also there is an internal sense, but within them: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4989`. Thus the historical parts just as much as the prophetical parts contain hidden things of heaven: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc755`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1659`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1709`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2310`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2333`. The angels perceive these not in relation to history but in relation to doctrine, because they perceive them spiritually: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6884`. The innermost hidden things in the historical narratives are less evident to humans than those in the prophetical parts for the simple reason that their minds are intent upon, and in contemplation of, the historical parts: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2176`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6597`. 

Moreover, the nature of the internal sense of the Word is shown: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1756`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1984`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2004`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2663`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3035`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7089`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10604`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10614`, and it is illustrated by comparisons: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1873`. 

`nnn1. In the end I can find no better word than 'beautiful' for Swedenborg's 'pulchra' here. I guess his thought is that the coherent sequence of ideas referred to is pleasing and satisfying, aesthetically and intellectually; hence, beautiful' which is the true classical meaning of the word anyway.

ppp10690#pid#12. The Word has been written through correspondences, and thus through representative ideas 

The Word as regards its literal sense has been written through correspondences alone, and thus through such things as represent and signify the spiritual aspects of heaven and the Church: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1404`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1408-1409`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1540`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1619`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1659`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1709`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1783`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2179`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2763`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2899`. This was done because of the internal sense in each particular instance: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2899`; thus too for the sake of heaven, since those who are in heaven do not understand the Word according to its literal or natural sense but according to its internal, or spiritual sense: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2899`. The Lord spoke through correspondences, through representative and signifying ideas, because He spoke from His divine being: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9049`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9063`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9086`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10126`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10276`. The Lord thus spoke directly to the world and at the same time to heaven: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2533`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4807`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9049`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9063`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9086`. Whatever the Lord spoke filled the whole of heaven:`fff1` `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4637`. The historical narratives of the Word are representative, and their actual words have significances: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1540`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1659`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1709`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1783`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2686`. The Word could not have been written in any other style for there to be communication through it with heaven: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2899`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6943`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9401`. Those who treat the Word with contempt because of its simple and seemingly uncultivated style, and think that they would accept it if it had been written in a different style, are greatly mistaken: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8783`. Also, the manner and style of writing of the most ancient authors was through correspondences and representative ideas: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc605`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1756`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9942`. I found through my own experience that the wise men of ancient times were delighted by the Word, because they found there representative and significant ideas: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2592-2593`. If someone of the most ancient Church had read the Word, he would have seen clearly those things which are in the internal sense and obscurely those things in the external sense: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4493`. The sons of Jacob were brought down into the land of Canaan because all places in that land were from very ancient times made representative: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1585`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3686`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4447`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5136`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6516`; and so that the Word might be written there, where places were to be named because of their internal meaning: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3686`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4447`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5136`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6516`. But in fact the Word in its external sense was altered on account of that people, though not as regards its internal sense: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10453`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10461`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10603-10604`. Many passages from the Word are quoted about that nation, which must however be understood according to their internal sense-that is, other than according to the literal sense: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7051`. Since that nation represented the Church, and because the Word was written among and about that nation, therefore heavenly ideas were signified by their names, for example Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Ephraim, Joseph and the rest; and by Judah in the internal sense is signified the Lord as regards celestial love, and His heavenly kingdom: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3654`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3881`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5583`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5782`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6362-6381`. 

So that it may be known what are the correspondences and their nature, and what is the nature of the representations in the Word, something will also be said about those. All things which correspond also represent and then signify something, such that correspondences and representations go together as one: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2896`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2899`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2973`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2987`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2989-2990`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3002`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3225`. What those correspondences and representations are, from my own experience and examples: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2763`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2987-3002`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3213-3226`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3337-3352`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3472-3485`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4218-4228`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9280`. The knowledge of correspondences and representations was the most important field of knowledge among the ancients: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3021`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3419`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4280`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4749`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4844`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4964`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4966`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6004`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7729`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10252`; especially among people in eastern parts: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5702`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6692`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7097`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7779`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9391`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10252`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10407`; in Egypt more than other places: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5702`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6692`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7097`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7779`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9391`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10407`; even among the Gentiles, for example in Greece and elsewhere: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2762`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7729`. But today it is among the lost fields of knowledge, especially in Europe: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2894-2895`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2995`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3630`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3632`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3747-3749`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4581`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4966`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10252`. But always that type of knowledge is more important than all others, since without it the Word is not understood; nor are the rites of the Jewish Church which are written about in the Word; nor is it known what the nature of heaven is, nor is it known what that which is spiritual is, nor how it happens that there is an inflowing of the spiritual into the natural, nor how there is an inflowing of the soul into the body, and many other things: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4280`, and in passages cited above. All things which appear among spirits and angels are representative in accord with correspondences: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1971`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3213-3226`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3475`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3485`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9457`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9481`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9576-9577`. Heaven is full of representations: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1521`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1532`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1619`. Representations are more beautiful and perfect the more interior they are in heaven: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3475`. Representations there are real appearances since they come from the light of heaven, which is the divine truth; and this itself is the essential part of all things that are in existence: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3485`. 

The reason why every single thing in the spiritual world is represented in the natural world is that what is internal clothes itself as appropriate in what is its external guise, through which it presents itself visibly, and becomes apparent: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6275`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6284`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6299`. Thus, an end clothes itself in suitable guises in order to present itself as a cause in a lower sphere, and then as an effect in a still lower sphere; and when an end passes by way of a cause into an effect, it presents itself visibly, or becomes apparent right before the eyes: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5711`. 

This is illustrated by the inflowing of the soul into the body: namely, the soul is clothed with such things in the body through which everything it thinks and wishes can present itself and become apparent visibly; therefore when thought flows down into the body it is represented by such gestures and actions as correspond to it: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2988`. Quite clearly the feelings of the mind are represented in the face by its various expressions, to such an extent that they are seen there: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4791-4805`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5695`. From this it is plain that in every single thing within the natural order there lies hidden deep inside a cause and an end from the spiritual world: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3562`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5711` since things which are in the natural order are final effects, within which are prior causes: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4240`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4939`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5651`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6275`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6284`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6299`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9216`. Whatever is internal is that which is represented, and what is external that which serves to represent it: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4292`. 

What correspondences and representations are may be further seen in the work Heaven and Hell, where the correspondence of all things of heaven with all human things is dealt with: `@@@Heaven and Hell ccc87-102`; the correspondence of heaven with all things of earth: `@@@Heaven and Hell ccc103-115`; and representations and appearances in heaven: `@@@Heaven and Hell ccc170-176`. 

Since all things in the natural order are representative of spiritual and celestial realities, in ancient times there were churches in which all the external observances or rituals were representative: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc519`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc521`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2896`. The Church was set up among the children of Israel as a representative church: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1003`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2179`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10149`. There all the rituals were external forms representing the internal things of heaven and the Church: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4288`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4874`. The representative things of the Church and worship ceased when the Lord came into the world and manifested Himself, because the Lord revealed the internal things of the Church, and all things of that Church, in a supreme sense, had regard to Him: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4835`. 

`nnn1. pervaserint totum caelum (De Equo Albo), impleverint universum coelum (De Nova Hierosolyma). The latter stands closer to what Swedenborg has [...] in the entry in his index which he's drawing on here. On the assumption that De Equo Albo is subsequent to De Nova Hierosolyma, this exemplifies Swedenborg's continual effort to refine his wording, though I'm not sure why he changed from impleo to pervado:' the Revd John Elliott, who has noted many similar refinings.

ppp10689#pid#13. The literal or external sense of the Word 

The literal sense of the Word accords with appearances in the world: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc589`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc926`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1832`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1874`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2242`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2520`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2533`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2719-2720`, and is suited to the comprehension of the pure in heart: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2533`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9049`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9063`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9086`. The Word in its literal sense is natural, see `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8783`, because what is natural is the final thing upon which spiritual and celestial things come to rest, and upon which they stand like a house on its foundation; furthermore, an internal sense without an external form would be like a house without a foundation: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9360`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9430`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9433`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9824`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10044`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10436`. The Word, because that is its nature, is the container of a spiritual sense and a celestial sense: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9407`. And because that is its nature, there is a divine holiness in the literal sense extending to every single detail, right down to the last jot: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc639`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc680`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1869-1870`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9198`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10321`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10637`. Although the laws laid down before the children of Israel have now been totally abrogated they are still the holy Word because of the internal sense in them: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9211`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9259`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9349`. The laws, judgements, and statutes laid down for the Israelite or Jewish Church, which was a representative church, are in some cases still valid in both senses, the external and the internal; some of them should be wholly observed according to their external sense; some may be of use if people wish; and some have been totally abrogated; about all these: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9349`. The Word is divine even as regards those of the above which have been abrogated, because of the heavenly elements which are concealed in their internal sense: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10637`. 

What the nature of the Word is in its literal sense if it is not understood at the same time in its internal sense; or, expressed otherwise, according to the true doctrine from the Word: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10402`. From the literal sense without the internal sense, or without genuine doctrine from the Word, a vast number of heresies comes gushing out: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10400`. Those who live in external elements without internal elements cannot uphold the inner parts of the Word: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10694`. Such were the Jews, and such are they today: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc301-303`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3479`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4429`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4433`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4680`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4844`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4847`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10396`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10401`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10407`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10694`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10705`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10707`.

ppp10688#pid#14. The Lord is the Word.  

In the innermost sense of the Word the only consideration is the Lord Himself, and all the states of the glorification of His human form are described; that is, of His union with the Divine Itself; and all the states in which He was bringing hell into subjection to Himself, imposing order on everything there, and in heaven also: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2249`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7014`. So, the whole life of the Lord in the world is described in that sense, and through the Word the presence of the Lord with the angels is continuous: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2523`. Therefore the Lord alone is in the innermost part of the Word, and the divinity and sanctity of the Word derive from that: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1873`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9357`. The Lord's saying that the Scripture concerning Himself has been fulfilled means the fulfilment of all things in its innermost sense: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7933`. 

The Word means divine truth: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4692`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5075`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9987`. The Lord is the Word because He is the divine truth: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2533`. The Lord is also the Word because it comes from Him and is about Him, see `@@@Arcana Caelestia 2859`, and about the Lord alone in the innermost sense, and thus the Lord Himself is there: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1873`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9357`. And because in every single part of the Word there is the marriage of divine good and divine truth, that marriage is in the Lord alone: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3004-3005`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3009`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4138`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5194`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5502`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6343`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7945`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8339`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9263`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9314`. The divine Word is the one and only reality, and that in which it is, which is from what is divine, is the only true essence: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5272`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc6880`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7004`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8200`. And because the divine truth proceeding from the Lord, as from the sun in heaven, is the light there, and the divine good is the warmth there; and because all things there exist from these, just as everything in the world exists from light and warmth, which are also in their own essential substances and act through them; and because the natural world comes into being through heaven or the spiritual world; it is clear that all things which have been created were created from the divine truth, and so from the Word, according to these words from John: In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God, and through it`fff1` all things were made that were made; and THE WORD WAS MADE FLESH; `John 1bbb1-3`, `John 1bbbccc14`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2803`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2894`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5272`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc7850`. More about the creation of all things from the divine truth, and thus from the Lord, may be seen in the work `@@@Heaven and Hell 137`, and more fully in the section where there is a discussion of the sun in heaven, which is the Lord, and which is His divine love: `@@@Heaven and Hell ccc116-125`. And the divine truth is light, and the divine good is warmth from that same sun in heaven: `@@@Heaven and Hell ccc126-140`. 

The linking of the Lord with man comes through the Word by means of its internal sense: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10375`. This linking comes about through every single detail of the Word, and for this reason the Word is wonderful compared with everything ever written: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10632-10634`. Once the Word was written, the Lord spoke through it to people: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10290`. In addition there may also be seen ideas raised in the work Heaven and Hell concerning the linking of heaven with people through the Word: `@@@Heaven and Hell ccc303-310`. 

`nnn1. Nearly always, if not always, Swedenborg renders `John 1bbb3` Omnia per Ipsum' (the Revd John Elliott), rather than the 'per illud' used here. The form ipsum may be either masculine or neuter, enabling through Him as a translation. The current Swedenborg Society editions of De Equo Albo and De Nova Hierosolyma, however, have 'illud' (it, neuter), and that is the form I have translated.

ppp10687#pid#15. Concerning those who are opposed to the Word 

Concerning those who mock, blaspheme against, and profane the Word: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1878`. What is their quality in the other life: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1761`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9222`. What the vicious parts of the blood mean: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5719`.`fff1` The degree of danger from profanation of the Word: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc571`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc582`. How harmful it is if false assumptions, especially those which promote love of self and worldly things, are confirmed through the Word: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc589`. Those who have no affection for the truth because it is the truth are quite clearly rejecting those things which belong to the internal sense of the Word, and are nauseated by them, based on my experience of such persons in the world of spirits: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5702`. Certain persons in the other life who tried absolutely to reject the inner parts of the word were deprived of reason: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1879`. 

`nnn1. An interesting glitch has come to light. Both the 1st edition and the 1934 Latin text has viscosa sanguinis, the sticky/viscous parts of the blood. This may well be a biologically sound concept, but it seemed to me to have nothing to do with Swedenborg's line of thought at this point. Remarking on this to the Rev'd John Elliott, I quickly received the reply that `@@@Arcana Coelestia 5719` has 'vitiosa,' or 'vicious/sinful:' much more satisfactory! It seems that the misreading has been handed down by successive editors for well over 200 years.

ppp10686#pid#16. The Books which are indeed of the Word 

The Books of the Word are all those which have an internal sense, while those which do not have this are not the Word. The Books of the Word in the Old Testament are the five Books of Moses; Joshua; Judges; the two Books of Samuel; the two Books of Kings; the Psalms of David; the prophets Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Ezekiel, Daniel, Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi; in the New Testament the four Evangelists - Matthew, Mark, Luke, John - and Revelation. The rest do not have an internal sense: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10325`. 

The Book of Job is an ancient book in which indeed there are elements of internal sense, but it is not continuous throughout: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc3540`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9942`.

ppp10685#pid#17. More about the Word. 

'Word' in the Hebrew language means various things, such as 'the spoken word,' 'thought of the mind,' 'every thing that really exists,' and 'something:' `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9987`. The Word signifies divine truth and the Lord: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2533`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4692`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5075`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc9987`. Words signify truths: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4692`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc5075`. They signify doctrinal ideas: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1288`. The Ten Words`fff1` signify all divine truths: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc10688`. 

There are two separate expressions for one thing in the Word, especially the prophetical parts; one relates to good, and the other to truth, and thus they are linked: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc683`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc707`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2516`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc8339`. Which expression refers to good, and which to truth, cannot be known except from the internal sense of the Word, since there are particular terms by which things of the good are expressed, and others for things of the truth: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc793`, `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc801`. This is so much the case that simply from the terms used it may be known whether good or truth is being discussed: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2712`. Again, at one time the one expression involves a general point, and the other involves a meaning determined from the general: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2212`. There is a sort of reciprocity in the Word, concerning which see `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc2240`. Most things in the Word also have an opposite sense: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4816`. The internal sense is in accordance with its own subject, rather like a predicate: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc4502`. 

Those who have been delighted by the Word receive the warmth of heaven in the other life, in which there is heavenly love, according to the quality and quantity of the delight they derive from love: `@@@Arcana Coelestia ccc1773`. 

[NCBSP Editor's Note: Swedenborg drafted a very short but interesting appendix to this work, here: `@@@Appendix to The White Horse 1`.]

`nnn1. 'Decem verba,' or 'Ten Words,' is the Latin form of the Hebrew expression which describes the Ten Commandments.